After the accumulation and development for decades, China obtained a lot of important basic research achievements with the prospects for applications and applied basic research achievements possibly to obtain significant benefits within sight, which have both developed sciences and promoted the economic construction of China.

   Zhu Kezhen created the research field by using historical literatures to study Chinese historic climate, put forward first in china the concept of monsoon system, initiated regional climate research field and established the eight large climate regions of China. His "Preliminary research of climate changes in recent 5,000 years in China" accomplished in 1973 is reputed by international climatological circles as a classical work, and was translated, reviewed and cited by scholars of UK, USA, Japan, Germany and Russia, etc., causing tremendous influence.
 
Zhu Kezhen is addressing theEighth Congress of International History of Sciences
   Ye Duzheng and others did thorough and systematic researches in East Asian atmospheric circulation, revealing the effects of East Asian sea & continent distribution and the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau on the atmospheric circulation of the Northern Hemisphere, creating the research field of modern meteorology and climatology of China, which have been guiding china's researches in atmospheric circulation and synoptic meteorology all along.
    East Asian atmospheric circulation" simulating rotating disk device. Scientists are conducting the simulating experimental research of atmospheric circulation
   Huang Jiqing and others presented the concept of three tectonic domains of China, of particular guiding significance for researching the geological structures and mineral distribution law of China and its neighboring areas. Xie Jiarong's Mineral Deposit Science of China, with its profound exposition, causes far-reaching effects on establishing the mineralization theory with Chinese geological characteristics and on expanding the mineral survey cause of China. Chen Guoda created the Geodepression Theory, thereby opening up a new field for geotectonic researches, guiding the search of mineral deposits and other practices in production.
 
Geotectonic Map of China and its Adjacent Areas, compiled by Huang Jiqing and others, has revealed the geotectonic evolution process and the geological backgrounds of resources, environments and disasters in China and its adjacent areas
   Scientists in China have proved that the Yellow River is silted in its lower reaches generally because of the crude sands of 0.005mm in grain diameter, which is an important breakthrough in understanding the harnessing of the Yellow River. The researches in geology, geochemistry and mineralization law of the Hengyang Granite of South China have directly provided the scientific guidance for effectively seeking and developing the mineral resources. The geologists of China obtained 80% success rate in the search of underground water by using neotectonic theory, which has made contributions in solving the problems of production, national defence construction and domestic water supply in water-deficient areas.
 
Chinese scientists have done a lot in improving fine varieties of crops by selection. The picture shows the farmland growth and insect-resistant contrast of improved varieties of insect-resistant cotton of Chinese intellectual property
   China has achieved major breakthroughs in rice breeding and obtained great successes by applying the superiority of male sterility hybrid to a number of varieties of crops, causing significant effects at home and abroad. Chinese scientists have not only done a lot of high level advanced researches on the structure and regulation of nitrogen-fixing gene structure but also bored new soybean rhizobium strains with high nitrogen-fixing capability and the rhizospheric united nitrogen-fixing strains of rice and corn, thus providing a new way to increase the grain yield and arousing the common concern of the same trade in the world.
 
Chinese scientists introduce the antifreeze protein gene of American soles into tomato. The picture shows that scientists are observing and surveying the antifreeze fish transgene tomato in an experimental field.
In 1996, Chinese scientists successfully constructed the high-resolution physical diagram of rice genome in the world
   Chinese scientists have obtained a number of major advancements in transgene researches, such as the transgene hybrid rice first cultivated out in the world, the first obtained bacterial-wilt-resistant transgene potato strain, transgene tomato with anti-frozen gene of fish, transgene sheep and testtube transgene calf, as well as clonal goat by tranferring somatic cell nucleas, marking that transgene researches and animal cloning technology in China have reached the advanced world level.
 
The first test-tube transgene calf of China
Chinese scientists are conducting the implantation operation of transgene goat embryo.
A transgene lamb
   The continental oil-forming theory and other related inferences and hypotheses of earth science presented by Chinese scientists have refuted through practical inspection some foreign scholars' view that China is poor in oil, and played an active role in guiding China to seek the oil resources.
 
Premier Zhou is talking with Li Siguang (Background is Daqing Oilfield).
   The researches in modern traditional Chinese medical treatments and drugs have dispelled people's skepticism to the treatments and drugs in some developed countries. The "compound salvia miltiorrhigae" pill and "ginko ling" are approved to enter the international market. A new anti-malaria drug, arteannuin, developed from Chinese drug arteannuin, is regarded as a breakthrough in anti-malaria research history.
   Chen Zhu and others found the scientific basis of Chinese drug being able to cure diseases through their research in using arsenic oxide to cure leukaemia.
    New type of drugs developed from Chinese drug arteannuin
   In the early eighties, China successfully developed hapinized lypoloxicity vaccine for hog cholera, whose immunity takes the first place in the world. It is widely used at home and abroad, playing an important role for preventing and controlling the hog cholera spreading in China and the world.
   The basic researches in magnetic materials pushed the production of titanium-iron-boron permanent magnetic materials in China.
   The three-dimentional flowing theory of turbomachines, shallow-sea acoustic field research and other results in theories are all used in production, with good economic benefits achieved.
   The results of development and research in coal-genetic gases are used in production, with considerable economic and social benefits obtained.
 
Based on the hog-cholera Lapinized hopoloxicity vaccine, Chinese scientists have also successfully developed hog-cholera ox-body-reaction frozen dried lapinized hopoloxicity vaccine with better property.