A major scientific project is the construction (in general, with larger investment) of large experimental device and equipment for scientific researches. Construction of a major scientific project is not only the essential condition for its corresponding subjects to obtain significant breakthroughs, but also can bring along and promote other relevant subjects and engineering technologies to develop. Therefore, a major scientific project is also one of the important markings of the scientific and technological actual strength of a country.

   Since its founding, china has built a lot of major basic scientific research facilities, such as atomic energy reactor & rotary accelerator, Lanzhou Heavy Ion Accelerator, Beijing Positron-Electron Collider, Hefei Synchronic Radiation Accelerator, 2.16M optical astronomical telescope, solar magnetic field telescope, long-wave time service, high-power laser experiment device, remote sensing satellite ground station, low- temperature nuclear-heating experimental reactor, tandem electrostatic accelerator, Chinese circulator-1, aerodynamic experimental device. The construction and operation of these major scientific projects have played an important role in scientific researches and led to a lot of first-class international scientific research achievements, providing vigorous supporting conditions for China to achieve the major breakthroughs in some fields and further raising the scientific research position and prestige of China in the world. During the period of Ninth Five Year Plan, China started the major scientific projects: the Second Phase of the Project of State Synchronic Radiation Laboratory, China Crust Movement Observation Network, Large Sky Area Multiple Target Optical Fiber Spectrum Telescope, HT-7U Superconduction Tokamak Fusion Experimental Device, Lanzhou Heavy Ion Accelerator Cooling Storage Ring, China's First Continental Scientific Drilling and its Related Scientific Researches, the Preparatory Researches on Shanghai Synchronic Radiation Light Source Device, Chinese Space Environment Monitoring Meridian Chain, etc.
 
 
    The photo shows China's heavy water reactor. In 1958, the first heavy water reactor ran to critical; later, our first rotary accelerator was tested with success, marking that China stepped into a new age of atomic energy.
   
 
    Beijing Spectrograph (universal detector), 6 m in base length, 7 m in height and width, 500-odd tons in total weight. Since the successful construction of Beijing Positron-electron Collider, a lot of research achievements at first-class international level, such as the "precise t-lepton mass measurements", have been obtained.
   
 
    The 2.16 m optical astronomical telescope developed and made by China itself is the largest one in the Far East Region. Since its operation in 1989, a lot of astronomical observations have been accomplished; a batch of excellent astronomical achievements obtained, and important contributions made in the international joint observations.
   
 
High energy storage ring in the State Synchronic Radiation Laboratory.
   
 
   The photo shows the model of China Crustal movement Observation network. In August 1998, the first nation-wide networking test of the reference net and basic net stations and sites of the observation network was carried out successfully, and the first lot of data of actual measurement was obtained.